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Calvo, M. B. (2023). Coloniality and Gender in the Argentinian Metal Scene: A Study Through Four Cases. In D. Nevárez Araújo, N. Varas-Díaz, J. Wallach, & E. Clinton (Eds.), Defiant Sounds. Heavy Metal Music in the Global South (pp. 163–186). London: Lexington Books.
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Calvo, M. B. (2024). El metal en Argentina: disputas espacio-temporales de una escena musical. DEBATS, 138(1), 77–91.
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Calvo, M. B., García Castiblanco, N., Núñez, M. de la L., Padilla, L. M., Pascuchelli, M. N., Ruiz, V., et al. (2022). Consonancias del cuidado. Hacia un protocolo contra las violencias por motivos de género en las experiencias del metal. Trans: Revista Transcultural de Música, 26, 1–16.
Abstract: El objetivo de este artículo es narrar la experiencia de construcción de un protocolo contra violencias por motivos de género en las prácticas del metal dentro de la región de Nuestra Abya Yala y Nuestra Afroamérica, por parte de la Comisión de Género de la Red de Estudios y Experiencias en y desde el Heavy Metal (REEHM). Para ello se dará cuenta de las diferentes etapas que componen este proceso, las cuales van desde las necesidades iniciales surgidas a partir de diversos ataques de violencia epistémica hacia integrantes de la REEHM, hasta la elaboración colectiva mediante métodos colaborativos. Esto implica la lectura, la reflexión y la escucha cuidada y grupal en la Primera Ronda de Brujxs. Hacia el final se comentan algunas conclusiones y proyecciones futuras vinculadas al metal y las problemáticas de género.
[The aim of this article is to recount the experience of building a protocol against gender-based violence (GBV) within metal music practices in the region of Nuestra Afroamerica, by the Gender Commission of the Heavy Metal Studies and Experiences Network (REEHM). The different stages that make up this process will be described, ranging from the initial needs arising from various attacks of epistemic violence against REEHM members, to the collective elaboration through collaborative methods. This involves group reading, reflection, and careful listening in the Primera Ronda de Brujxs (First Circle of Witches). Towards the end some conclusions and future projections related to metal and gender issues are discussed.]
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Campoy, L. C. (2022). As revelações da escuridão: o show no underground do heavy metal extremo como um ritual. In C. Bahy, C. dos Passos, L. M. G. Khalia, & R. Barchi (Eds.), Música Extrema: ruídos, imagens e sentidos (pp. 203–221). São Paulo: Pimenta Cultural.
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Cano Barrón, J. L., & Dulude, D. (2002). Banzai Records: The Power Of The Canadian Steel Blade. UnderFire Ediciones.
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Cárdenas Azuaje, D. M. (2021). MUJERES Y SUS REPRESENTACIONES SOCIALES DENTRO DEL METAL EN BOGOTÁ. In ELIZABETH BALLÉN GUACHETÁ, LUIS ENRIQUE PÉREZ MÉNDEZ, SINDY PAOLA DÍAZ BETTER, & DIANA MARÍA CÁRDENAS AZUAJE (Eds.), Representaciones Sociales e Imaginarios Colectivos del Género, el Cuerpo y la Sexualidad (pp. 355–393). Colección Imaginarios y Representaciones. XALAPA, VERACRUZ, MÉXICO: Red Iberoamericana de Academias de Investigación, A.C. (978-607-99621).
Abstract: El presente texto muestra los hallazgos de la investigación “Representaciones sociales de la mujer en la cultura del Metal en Bogotá”, tesis de maestría presentada en la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas en 2012. Dicha investigación fue de corte cualitativo y abordó la perspectiva teórica estructural de las Representaciones Sociales (RS) de Jean Claude Abric (2001). Con ese constructo se determinaron el núcleo central (idea estable y organizadora) y los elementos periféricos (idea flexible auxiliar del núcleo) para las categorías: Mujer y Metal.
Para el estudio, se recurrió a la recolección e interpretación de 19 entrevistas semiestructuradas que se realizaron en Bogotá – Colombia. Las participantes son mujeres escuchas e intérpretes de música Metal con diversas características. En el análisis de instrumentos, se identificaron varios términos con alta frecuencia de reiteración (fuerza, vida, valentía y música), que se agruparon por semejanza, contigüidad o contraste, relacionados con la vivencia de la música Metal desde la perspectiva de las mujeres.
Los hallazgos se presentan relacionados a las categorías: 1. Mujer, asociada a cuatro núcleos: superficialidad, espiritualidad, liberación, pautas restrictivas. 2. Metal, que tiene como núcleos cultura/contracultura, machismo, Identidad/gusto, música, ritmo e interpretación. Así mismo se encontró (entre otras cuestiones) que las entrevistadas definen al Metal, como cultura en tanto genera elementos identitarios a partir de preferencias musicales, rituales, territorios, lenguajes, indumentarias y significados. Las mujeres del medio realizan una “transformación” frente a algunos parámetros de feminidad difundidos tradicionalmente consolidando una especie de feminidad transgresora.
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Cárdenas Azuaje, D. maría. (2022). El metal en clave de género. Imaginación o Barbarie, 25.
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Cardwell, T. (2017). Still life and death metal: painting the battle jacket. Ph.D. thesis, University of the Arts London (United Kingdom), Ann Arbor.
Abstract: This thesis aims to conduct a study of battle jackets using painting as a recording and analytical tool. A battle jacket is a customised garment worn in heavy metal subcultures that features decorative patches, band insignia, studs and other embellishments. Battle jackets are significant in the expression of subcultural identity for those that wear them, and constitute a global phenomenon dating back at least to the 1970s. The art practice juxtaposes and re-contextualises cultural artefacts in order to explore the narratives and traditions that they are a part of. As such, the work is situated within the genre of contemporary still life and appropriative painting. The paintings presented with the written thesis document a series of jackets and creatively explore the jacket form and related imagery. The study uses a number of interrelated critical perspectives to explore the meaning and significance of the jackets. Intertextual approaches explore the relationship of the jackets to other cultural forms.
David Muggleton’s ‘distinctive individuality’ and Sarah Thornton’s ‘subcultural capital’ are used to emphasise the importance of jacket making practices for expressions of personal and corporate subcultural identity. Italo Calvino’s use of postmodern semiotic structures gives a tool for placing battle jacket practice within a shifting network of meanings, whilst Richard Sennett’s‘material consciousness’ helps to understand the importance of DIY making practices used by fans. The project refers extensively to a series of interviews conducted with battle jacket makers between 2014 and 2016. Recent art historical studies of still life painting have used a materialist critique of historic works to demonstrate the uniqueness of painting as a method of analysis. The context for my practice involves historical references such as seventeenth century Dutch still life painting. The work of contemporary artists who are exploring the themes and imagery of extreme metal music is also reviewed.
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Cardwell, T. (2022). Heavy Metal Armour: A Visual Study of Battle Jackets. Bristol: Intellect.
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Carew, F. (2018). The Guitar Voice of Randy Rhoads. Master's thesis, Wayne State University, Ann Arbor.
Abstract: Randy Rhoads was an influential rock guitarist whose synthesis of musical influences had an impact on heavy metal. He developed a classically influenced guitar style that inspired new developments in the guitar’s virtuosic technique and harmonic and melodic language. The sound of heavy metal can be traced directly to his guitar style. Yet no definitive studies have been conducted on his guitar voice, synthesis of musical influences, or contribution to heavy metal music. This thesis is the first study to define the musical influences that make up Rhoads’s innovative guitar voice and playing style. It examines his early childhood, formal training, and influences, honing his skills in Quiet Riot, mastering his skills on Blizzard of Ozz , and mastering his skills on Diary of a Madman . It provides a look at his guitar voice through his adaptation, synthesis, and implementation of musical influences by conducting a detailed musical analysis of the formal, harmonic, rhythmic, and melodic aspects of the songs on Blizzard of Ozz and Diary of a Madman.
The examination of his guitar voice and playing style is provided by the following materials: CDs, DVDs, books, scholarly journals, master’s theses and doctoral dissertations, and transcriptions of songs on Blizzard of Ozz and Diary of a Madman. The aim of this thesis is to demonstrate that Rhoads’s guitar voice and playing style are classically influenced and a synthesis of different musical styles. It advocates that his playing style pushed the hard rock music envelope create a new approach to guitar playing that led to a more refined version of the music. It suggests that Rhoads’s musical approach and mindset in the 1980s: classical-style virtuosity, harmony and melody, and acoustic guitar was important to the development of the heavy metal sound, therefore placing him in the historical annals of popular music.
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