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Mora-Rioja, A. (2023). Poetry in English and Metal Music. Adaptation and Appropriation Across Media. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan.
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Nohr, R. F., & Schwaab, H. (Eds.). (2011). ”Metal matters”. Heavy Metal als Kultur und Welt. Münster: Lit.
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Norman, J. (2019). ‘[…] tentacular invisible mother divine!’: (The) Weird (in) Metal as convergence of sonic extremities and literary margins. Metal Music Studies, 5(2), 225–242.
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Osińska-Szpur, A. (2015). Wieczność kocha się w wytworach czasu. Tematy i motywy twórczości Williama Blake a w tekstach rockowych (na przykładzie Iron Maiden, The Doors, Patti Smith i U2). In J. Osiński, M. Pranke, P. Tański, & A. Szwagrzyk (Eds.), Kultura rocka 1. Twórcy, tematy, motywy (2) (pp. 172–190). Toruń: ProLog.
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Osińska-Szpur, A. (2019). Wieczność kocha się w wytworach czasu. Tematy i motywy twórczości Williama Blake a w tekstach rockowych (na przykładzie Iron Maiden, The Doors, Patti Smith i U2). In J. Osiński, M. Pranke, & P. Tański (Eds.), Kultura rocka 1. Twórcy, tematy, motywy (pp. 325–338). Toruń: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika.
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Pack, C. (2018). Hellbound in El Salvador: Heavy Metal as a Philosophy of Life in Central America. Ph.D. thesis, Johns Hopkins University, Ann Arbor.
Abstract: Heavy Metal in El Salvador has been a driving force of the underground culture since the Civil War in the 1980s. Over time, it has grown into a large movement that encompasses musicians, producers, promoters, media outlets and the international exchange of music, ideas and live shows. As a music based around discontent with society at large, Heavy Metal attempts to question the status quo through an intellectual exploration of taboo subjects and the presentation of controversial live shows. As an international discourse, Heavy Metal speaks to ideas of both socio-political and individual power based around a Philosophy of Life that exalts personal freedoms and personal responsibility to oneself and their society. As a community, it represents a ‘rage’ group, as defined by Peter Sloterdijk, that questions Western epistemologies and the doctrines of Christian Philosophy. This is done in different ways, by different genres, but at the heart is the changing of macro- (international) discourses into micro- (local) discourses that focus on those issues important to the geographic specificity of the region.
In the case of Black Metal, born in Norway, it is interpreted in El Salvador through the similarities between the doctrines of Hitler and those of the most famous dictator in the country’s history – General Maximiliano Hernandez – and then applied, ironically, to the local phenomena of the Salvadoran Street Gangs (MS-13 and 18s) and their desired extermination. It is also done through the re-interpreting of folk metal in the local phenomenon of tribal metal that reinterprets the indigenous through the lens of modern society and heavy metal’s ideas of power. Finally, the Salvadoran metalhead adapts the genre’s vulgarity and dark humor to fuel their own systems of dealing with harsh repression and existing within a society that seems to have no place for them. At the bottom though, much more than a community, Heavy Metal in El Salvador is a source of fraternalismo that utilizes the Philosophy of Life to bind its members together and to provide them a means by which to express their personal freedoms within a society that would happily see them limited.
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Pöhlmann, S. (2011). Die transzendentalistische Konstante. Von Walt Whitman zu Wolves In The Throne Room. In R. Bartosch (Ed.), Heavy Metal Studies: Lyrics und Intertextualität (pp. 89–113). Oberhausen: Schmenk.
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Renodeyn, L. (2010). Old Germanic Heritage In Metal Music : A comparative study of present-day metal lyrics and their old Germanic sources. Ph.D. thesis, Universiteit Gent, Gent.
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Roberts, J. J. (2017). Rime of a metal mariner. Metal Music Studies, 3(1), 63–79.
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Secord, J. (2019). Occult and Pulp Visions of Greece and Rome in Heavy Metal. In K. F. B. Fletcher, & O. Umurhan (Eds.), Classical Antiquity in Heavy Metal Music (pp. 155–172). London, New York, Oxford, New Dehli & Sydney: Bloomsbury Academic.
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