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Brown, A. R. (2025). Songs in the Key if Depression, Suicid and Death. Or How Metal Musicians Sustained a Dialogue of Community with Their Fans in a Period of Moral Panic about Heavy Metal Music. In J. Heimerdinger, H. Riedl, & T. Stegemann (Eds.), Musik und Suizidalität: Interdisziplinäre Perspektiven (pp. 79–102). Bielefeld: transcript Verlag.
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Calandra, N. (2016). Metal health: Measuring depression and anxiety within the heavy metal community. Master's thesis, Long Island University, The Brooklyn Center., Ann Arbor.
Abstract: Heavy metal has a long and controversial history. One of the many things it has been blamed for is causing mental illness among its listeners. However, is the music to be blamed or are there other factors coming into play? Numerous studies have been done on various aspects of heavy metal such as its link to violence, but few have been done on mental health within the community. This paper replicated a French study examining levels of depression and anxiety within the community. Forty three participants, all active metal listeners, completed a survey examining various factors such as employment status and education levels, and completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Like the French study, it found that participants had generally low levels of depression and anxiety, but high levels were linked to outside factors. Hopefully, this will help open the floor for more valuable research on the community.
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Gospodarek, K. (2023). "Tomorrow is cancelled”. A Characterisation of the Music and Chosen Psychological Aspects of Depressive Suicidal Black Metal. Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia de Cultura, 15(4), 129–137.
Abstract: “The article shortly characterises the depressive suicidal black metal subgenre and determines the psychological impact on its listeners and creators. It also shows that the „average” heavy metal music fan declares that heavy metal affects their lives in a positive way. All information accrued in the article points to the fact that while some people report feeling worse while listening to depressive suicidal black metal music, others say that it makes them feel better, which is determined by the individual differences between them.”
(SOURCE: https://studiadecultura.uken.krakow.pl/article/view/10975)
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Jingyao Ren, & Jian Lu. (2024). Heavy Metal Music, Hip-Hop Music, and Construction Noise Induces Depressive Symptoms in Mice. ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, 25(8).
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Linde, J. - M. (2024). “When all the bad times stick”: Exploring expressions of negativity and anxiety in metal music.
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